EMR Clusters Should Be In VPC

More Info:

Ensure that your Amazon Elastic MapReduce (EMR) clusters are provisioned using the AWS EC2-VPC platform instead of EC2-Classic platform (outdated from 2013.12.04) for better flexibility and control over security, better traffic routing and availability.

Risk Level

Medium

Address

Cost Optimisation, Security

Compliance Standards

HIPAA, ISO27001

Triage and Remediation

Remediation

Using Console

Using CLI

To remediate the misconfiguration of EMR Clusters not being in a VPC for AWS Redshift using AWS CLI, follow these steps:

Create a VPC (if not already created): Use the following AWS CLI command to create a VPC:
```
aws ec2 create-vpc --cidr-block 10.0.0.0/16
```

Create Subnets within the VPC: Create at least two subnets in different Availability Zones within the VPC using the following command:

aws ec2 create-subnet --vpc-id <your-vpc-id> --cidr-block 10.0.1.0/24 --availability-zone <az1>
aws ec2 create-subnet --vpc-id <your-vpc-id> --cidr-block 10.0.2.0/24 --availability-zone <az2>

Create an Internet Gateway (IGW) and attach it to the VPC:

aws ec2 create-internet-gateway
aws ec2 attach-internet-gateway --vpc-id <your-vpc-id> --internet-gateway-id <your-igw-id>

Create Route Tables and associate them with the subnets:

aws ec2 create-route-table --vpc-id <your-vpc-id>
aws ec2 associate-route-table --route-table-id <your-route-table-id> --subnet-id <your-subnet-id>

Create Security Groups for EMR Clusters: Create a security group for EMR clusters that allows necessary inbound and outbound traffic using the following command:
```
aws ec2 create-security-group --group-name EMR-SG --description "Security Group for EMR Clusters" --vpc-id <your-vpc-id>
```
Launch EMR Cluster within the VPC: Launch the EMR cluster within the VPC and specify the security group and subnets created earlier using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
Verify the Configuration: Use the following command to describe the EMR cluster and verify that it is running within the VPC:
```
aws emr describe-cluster --cluster-id <your-cluster-id>
```

By following these steps, you can remediate the misconfiguration of EMR Clusters not being in a VPC for AWS Redshift using AWS CLI.

Using Python

To remediate the misconfiguration of EMR clusters not being in a VPC for AWS Redshift using Python, you can follow these steps:

Create a VPC:
- Use the AWS SDK for Python (Boto3) to create a new Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) in your AWS account.
- You can use the create_vpc method from the ec2 client in Boto3 to create a VPC.
Create Subnets:
- Create one or more subnets within the VPC. Make sure the subnets are in different availability zones for high availability.
- Use the create_subnet method from the ec2 client in Boto3 to create subnets.
Create an Internet Gateway (IGW):
- Attach an Internet Gateway to the VPC to allow internet access for resources within the VPC.
- Use the create_internet_gateway method from the ec2 client in Boto3 to create an Internet Gateway.
Create Route Tables:
- Create route tables for the public and private subnets within the VPC.
- Use the create_route_table method from the ec2 client in Boto3 to create route tables.
Associate Subnets with Route Tables:
- Associate the subnets with their respective route tables to control the routing of network traffic.
- Use the associate_route_table method from the ec2 client in Boto3 to associate subnets with route tables.
Launch EMR Cluster in VPC:
- When launching an EMR cluster using Boto3, specify the Ec2SubnetId parameter to launch the cluster within the VPC.
- Set the Ec2SubnetId parameter to the ID of the subnet where you want to launch the EMR cluster.

Here is a sample Python code snippet to launch an EMR cluster within a VPC using Boto3:

import boto3

# Create a VPC
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')
vpc = ec2.create_vpc(CidrBlock='10.0.0.0/16')

# Create a subnet
subnet = ec2.create_subnet(VpcId=vpc['Vpc']['VpcId'], CidrBlock='10.0.0.0/24', AvailabilityZone='us-east-1a')

# Create an Internet Gateway
igw = ec2.create_internet_gateway()
ec2.attach_internet_gateway(InternetGatewayId=igw['InternetGateway']['InternetGatewayId'], VpcId=vpc['Vpc']['VpcId'])

# Create a route table
route_table = ec2.create_route_table(VpcId=vpc['Vpc']['VpcId'])

# Associate subnet with route table
ec2.associate_route_table(RouteTableId=route_table['RouteTable']['RouteTableId'], SubnetId=subnet['Subnet']['SubnetId'])

# Launch EMR cluster within the VPC
emr = boto3.client('emr')
response = emr.run_job_flow(
    Name='MyEMRCluster',
    ReleaseLabel='emr-6.2.0',
    Instances={
        'Ec2SubnetId': subnet['Subnet']['SubnetId'],
        'EmrManagedMasterSecurityGroup': 'sg-12345678',
        'EmrManagedSlaveSecurityGroup': 'sg-12345678',
        'InstanceGroups': [
            {
                'InstanceRole': 'MASTER',
                'InstanceType': 'm5.xlarge',
                'InstanceCount': 1
            }
        ]
    },
    VisibleToAllUsers=True
)

Make sure to replace placeholder values like sg-12345678 with actual security group IDs and customize the code as per your specific requirements.

Additional Reading:

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/emr/latest/ManagementGuide/emr-clusters-in-a-vpc.html

AWS Introduction

AWS Pricing

AWS Threats

AWS Misconfigurations

EMR Clusters Should Be In VPC

More Info:

Risk Level

Address

Compliance Standards

Triage and Remediation

Remediation

Additional Reading:

AWS Introduction

AWS Pricing

AWS Threats

AWS Misconfigurations

​More Info:

​Risk Level

​Address

​Compliance Standards

​Triage and Remediation

​Remediation

​Additional Reading:

More Info:

Risk Level

Address

Compliance Standards

Triage and Remediation

Remediation

Additional Reading: