CVE-2024-26726
NoneCVSS
—
EPSS
0.3%
Published
Apr 3, 2024
CISA due date
—
Cloudanix analysis
A bug in Linux file-system code can make the computer crash when it hits certain errors while managing internal space tracking.
- Exploitation
- Local Privilege
- Attacker needs
- Local User
- Complexity
- Moderate
- Impact
- Denial Of Service
- Component
- OS kernel
- Class
- Other
- Remediation
- Upgrade
- Effort
- Medium
- Patch risk
- Low
What it actually does
A write error on the free space cache inode in btrfs causes the extent map to be dropped, resulting in an invalid EXTENT_MAP_HOLE on retry and triggering a kernel assertion failure and panic in extent_io.c.
Why it matters to the business
Unexpected system crashes and kernel panics on Linux systems using the btrfs filesystem under certain write error conditions during free space cache handling, leading to downtime and service disruption. Low likelihood of exploitation per EPSS with stable trend and no known ransomware use.
How an attack unfolds
An attacker with local access triggers write errors on the btrfs free space cache inode (for example via error injection or filesystem stress), then forces a retry of the cache write; because the extent map was incorrectly dropped on the first failure the second attempt returns a hole mapping and panics the kernel.
How to fix it
Update the Linux kernel to the version containing commit 143842584c1237ebc248b2547c29d16bbe400a92 (or equivalent stable backport) in the btrfs code path that skips dropping the extent map for the free space inode on write errors.
How to confirm the fix worked
Confirm the running kernel contains the referenced commit; reproduce the original panic scenario with error injection on btrfs_holes_spacecache to verify the assertion no longer fires.
Typical attack path
- Obtain local execution or control over I/O on a btrfs filesystem
- Induce a write error while committing the free space cache
- Force a subsequent write attempt on the same cache inode
- Trigger the kernel BUG assertion on EXTENT_MAP_HOLE
How to detect it
Inspect kernel logs and crash dumps for the assertion failure at fs/btrfs/extent_io.c mentioning EXTENT_MAP_HOLE or __extent_writepage_io during btrfs_write_out_cache or commit_cowonly_roots; correlate with fdatasync or fsstress activity on btrfs volumes.
What your security team should do
- Apply the kernel fix containing commit 143842584c1237ebc248b2547c29d16bbe400a92 on all btrfs systems
- Review and test btrfs free-space-cache usage given the feature is deprecated
- Monitor kernel logs for btrfs extent_io panics until patches are deployed
The record
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: don't drop extent_map for free space inode on write error While running the CI for an unrelated change I hit the following panic with generic/648 on btrfs_holes_spacecache. assertion failed: block_start != EXTENT_MAP_HOLE, in fs/btrfs/extent_io.c:1385 ------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at fs/btrfs/extent_io.c:1385! invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI CPU: 1 PID: 2695096 Comm: fsstress Kdump: loaded Tainted: G W 6.8.0-rc2+ #1 RIP: 0010:__extent_writepage_io.constprop.0+0x4c1/0x5c0 Call Trace: <TASK> extent_write_cache_pages+0x2ac/0x8f0 extent_writepages+0x87/0x110 do_writepages+0xd5/0x1f0 filemap_fdatawrite_wbc+0x63/0x90 __filemap_fdatawrite_range+0x5c/0x80 btrfs_fdatawrite_range+0x1f/0x50 btrfs_write_out_cache+0x507/0x560 btrfs_write_dirty_block_groups+0x32a/0x420 commit_cowonly_roots+0x21b/0x290 btrfs_commit_transaction+0x813/0x1360 btrfs_sync_file+0x51a/0x640 __x64_sys_fdatasync+0x52/0x90 do_syscall_64+0x9c/0x190 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0x76 This happens because we fail to write out the free space cache in one instance, come back around and attempt to write it again. However on the second pass through we go to call btrfs_get_extent() on the inode to get the extent mapping. Because this is a new block group, and with the free space inode we always search the commit root to avoid deadlocking with the tree, we find nothing and return a EXTENT_MAP_HOLE for the requested range. This happens because the first time we try to write the space cache out we hit an error, and on an error we drop the extent mapping. This is normal for normal files, but the free space cache inode is special. We always expect the extent map to be correct. Thus the second time through we end up with a bogus extent map. Since we're deprecating this feature, the most straightforward way to fix this is to simply skip dropping the extent map range for this failed range. I shortened the test by using error injection to stress the area to make it easier to reproduce. With this patch in place we no longer panic with my error injection test.
Affected packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Introduced | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:11 | linux | 0 | No fix |
| Debian:12 | linux | 0 | 6.1.82-1 |
| Debian:13 | linux | 0 | 6.7.7-1 |
| Linux | Kernel | 0 | 5.15.187 |
| Linux | Kernel | 3.12.0 | 5.15.187 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_1 | 0 | 1-150600.1.5.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_1 | 0 | 1-150600.13.3.7 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-64kb | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-default-base | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3.150600.12.2.7 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-source | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.2 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-zfcpdump | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | kernel-docs | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.4 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | kernel-obs-build | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | kernel-source | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.2 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | kernel-syms | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Legacy 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP6 | kernel-azure | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.8.5.4 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP6 | kernel-source-azure | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.8.5.4 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP6 | kernel-syms-azure | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.8.5.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-rt | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-rt_debug | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-source-rt | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-syms-rt | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1 |
| Ubuntu:16.04:LTS | linux-hwe-edge | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-aws-5.0 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-aws-5.3 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-azure | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-azure-5.3 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-azure-edge | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-gcp | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-gcp-5.3 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-gke-4.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-gke-5.4 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-gkeop-5.4 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-hwe | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-hwe-edge | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-oem | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-oracle-5.0 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:18.04:LTS | linux-oracle-5.3 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-aws | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-aws-5.11 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-aws-5.13 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-aws-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-aws-5.8 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-azure | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-azure-5.11 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-azure-5.13 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-azure-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-azure-5.8 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-azure-fde | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-azure-fde-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-bluefield | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-gcp | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-gcp-5.11 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-gcp-5.13 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-gcp-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-gcp-5.8 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-gke | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-gke-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-gkeop | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-gkeop-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-hwe-5.11 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-hwe-5.13 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-hwe-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-hwe-5.8 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-ibm | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-ibm-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-intel-5.13 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-intel-iotg-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-iot | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-kvm | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-oem-5.10 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-oem-5.13 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-oem-5.14 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-oem-5.6 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-oracle | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-oracle-5.11 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-oracle-5.13 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-oracle-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-oracle-5.8 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-raspi | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-raspi2 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-riscv | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-riscv-5.11 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-riscv-5.15 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-riscv-5.8 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-xilinx-zynqmp | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux | 0 | 5.15.0-156.166 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-allwinner-5.19 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-aws | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-aws | 0 | 5.15.0-1092.99 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-aws-5.19 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-aws-6.2 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-aws-6.5 | 0 | 6.5.0-1023.23~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-aws-6.8 | 0 | 6.8.0-1009.9~22.04.2 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-azure | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-azure | 0 | 5.15.0-1096.105 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-azure-5.19 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-azure-6.2 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-azure-6.5 | 0 | 6.5.0-1024.25~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-azure-6.8 | 0 | 6.8.0-1008.8~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-azure-fde | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-azure-fde-5.19 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-azure-fde-6.2 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-azure-fde-6.8 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gcp | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gcp | 0 | 5.15.0-1092.101 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gcp-5.19 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gcp-6.2 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gcp-6.5 | 0 | 6.5.0-1024.26~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gcp-6.8 | 0 | 6.8.0-1010.11~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gke | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gke | 0 | 5.15.0-1089.95 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gkeop | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gkeop | 0 | 5.15.0-1075.83 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-hwe-5.19 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-hwe-6.2 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-hwe-6.5 | 0 | 6.5.0-44.44~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-hwe-6.8 | 0 | 6.8.0-38.38~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-ibm | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-ibm | 0 | 5.15.0-1086.89 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-intel-iot-realtime | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-intel-iotg | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-intel-iotg | 0 | 5.15.0-1087.93 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-kvm | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-kvm | 0 | 5.15.0-1088.93 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-lowlatency | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-lowlatency | 0 | 5.15.0-156.166 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5 | 0 | 6.5.0-44.44.1~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 | 0 | 6.8.0-38.38.1~22.04.2 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-nvidia | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-nvidia | 0 | 5.15.0-1087.88 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-nvidia-6.2 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-nvidia-6.5 | 0 | 6.5.0-1023.24 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-nvidia-6.8 | 0 | 6.8.0-1008.8~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 0 | 5.15.0-1045.45 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra-igx | 0 | 5.15.0-1034.34 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-oem-5.17 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-oem-6.0 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-oem-6.1 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-oem-6.5 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-oem-6.5 | 0 | 6.5.0-1027.28 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-oracle | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-oracle | 0 | 5.15.0-1090.96 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-oracle-6.5 | 0 | 6.5.0-1026.26~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-oracle-6.8 | 0 | 6.8.0-1006.6~22.04.3 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-raspi | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-raspi | 0 | 5.15.0-1086.89 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-realtime | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-riscv | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-riscv-5.19 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-riscv-6.5 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-riscv-6.8 | 0 | 6.8.0-38.38.1~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-starfive-5.19 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-starfive-6.2 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-starfive-6.5 | 0 | 6.5.0-1017.18~22.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-xilinx-zynqmp | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-xilinx-zynqmp | 0 | 5.15.0-1056.60 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS:for:NVIDIA:BlueField | linux-bluefield | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS:for:NVIDIA:BlueField | linux-bluefield | 0 | 5.15.0-1076.78 |
| Ubuntu:23.10 | linux | 0 | 6.5.0-44.44 |
| Ubuntu:23.10 | linux-gcp | 0 | 6.5.0-1024.26 |
| Ubuntu:23.10 | linux-raspi | 0 | 6.5.0-1020.23 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux | 0 | 6.8.0-20.20 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-aws | 0 | 6.8.0-1006.6 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-azure | 0 | 6.8.0-1005.5 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-azure-fde | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-gcp | 0 | 6.8.0-1005.5 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-gke | 0 | 6.8.0-1003.5 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-gkeop | 0 | 6.8.0-1001.3 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-ibm | 0 | 6.8.0-1003.3 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-lowlatency | 0 | 6.8.0-25.25.3 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-nvidia | 0 | 6.8.0-1007.7 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-nvidia-lowlatency | 0 | 6.8.0-1009.9.1 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-oem-6.11 | 0 | 6.11.0-1007.7 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-oem-6.8 | 0 | 6.8.0-1003.3 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-oracle | 0 | 6.8.0-1004.4 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-raspi | 0 | 6.8.0-1002.2 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-raspi-realtime | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-realtime | 0 | 6.8.0-1008.19 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | linux-riscv | 0 | 6.8.0-20.20.1 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux | 0 | 6.8.0-31.31 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-aws | 0 | 6.8.0-1008.8 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-azure | 0 | 6.8.0-1007.7 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-gcp | 0 | 6.8.0-1007.7 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-lowlatency | 0 | 6.8.0-31.31.1 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-oracle | 0 | 6.8.0-1005.5 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-raspi | 0 | 6.8.0-1004.4 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-realtime | 0 | 6.11.0-1001.1 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-riscv | 0 | 6.8.0-31.31.1 |
| Ubuntu:Nvidia-BlueField:22.04:LTS | linux-bluefield | 0 | 5.15.0-1076.78 |
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