CVE-2024-49946
NoneCVSS
—
EPSS
0.2%
Published
Oct 21, 2024
CISA due date
—
Cloudanix analysis
A locking mistake in the Linux kernel's handling of certain network connections could make systems using those connections become unresponsive.
- Exploitation
- Local Privilege
- Attacker needs
- Low Privilege
- Complexity
- Moderate
- Impact
- Denial Of Service
- Component
- OS kernel
- Class
- Race Condition
- Remediation
- Upgrade
- Effort
- Medium
- Patch risk
- Low
What it actually does
Race condition in ppp_channel_bridge_input allowing inconsistent lock state on &pch->downl when sk_backlog_rcv invokes the handler from process context instead of softirq/BH context, violating assumed locking order.
Why it matters to the business
Potential deadlocks or kernel warnings leading to network instability on Linux systems using PPP/PPPoE, with low immediate operational risk given absence from known exploitation lists and stable EPSS.
How an attack unfolds
An attacker triggers PPP input paths that queue packets to socket backlog (via user-owned socket) then causes release_sock to invoke the handler in process context while a softirq path simultaneously acquires the same lock, producing lock-order inversion; general Linux kernel threat actors have targeted similar resource and access issues.
How to fix it
Upgrade Linux kernel to commit 176dd41e8c2bd997ed3d66568a3362e69ecce99b or later; for systemd on Rocky Linux 8 apply package 0:239-45.el8 or newer equivalent.
How to confirm the fix worked
Verify kernel source contains the ppp_channel_bridge_input lock acquisition change, rebuild, boot test system, and confirm absence of lockdep warnings under PPP load; check /proc/version or package manager for fixed versions.
Typical attack path
- Establish PPP or PPPoE connection to target
- Send traffic that causes packets to be queued in socket backlog
- Trigger simultaneous sendmsg or receive operations that invoke release_sock from process context
- Force concurrent softirq processing of ppp_input to acquire the same spinlock
- Induce deadlock or inconsistent lock state warning
How to detect it
Search kernel logs and lockdep output for warnings mentioning ppp_channel_bridge_input, &pch->downl, inconsistent lock state, SOFTIRQ-ON-W to IN-SOFTIRQ-W, and sk_backlog_rcv; inspect stack traces involving ppp_input and pppoe_rcv_core.
- ppp_channel_bridge_input
- inconsistent {SOFTIRQ-ON-W} -> {IN-SOFTIRQ-W} usage
- &pch->downl
- ppp_input+0x16c/0x854
- sk_backlog_rcv
- __release_sock
What your security team should do
- Apply kernel updates containing commit 176dd41e8c2bd997ed3d66568a3362e69ecce99b as soon as available
- Monitor lockdep and dmesg for SOFTIRQ-ON-W to IN-SOFTIRQ-W warnings involving ppp
- Prioritize systems exposing PPP/PPPoE interfaces for immediate patching
- Review downstream package updates in distributions such as Rocky Linux
The record
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ppp: do not assume bh is held in ppp_channel_bridge_input() Networking receive path is usually handled from BH handler. However, some protocols need to acquire the socket lock, and packets might be stored in the socket backlog is the socket was owned by a user process. In this case, release_sock(), __release_sock(), and sk_backlog_rcv() might call the sk->sk_backlog_rcv() handler in process context. sybot caught ppp was not considering this case in ppp_channel_bridge_input() : WARNING: inconsistent lock state 6.11.0-rc7-syzkaller-g5f5673607153 #0 Not tainted -------------------------------- inconsistent {SOFTIRQ-ON-W} -> {IN-SOFTIRQ-W} usage. ksoftirqd/1/24 [HC0[0]:SC1[1]:HE1:SE0] takes: ffff0000db7f11e0 (&pch->downl){+.?.}-{2:2}, at: spin_lock include/linux/spinlock.h:351 [inline] ffff0000db7f11e0 (&pch->downl){+.?.}-{2:2}, at: ppp_channel_bridge_input drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2272 [inline] ffff0000db7f11e0 (&pch->downl){+.?.}-{2:2}, at: ppp_input+0x16c/0x854 drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2304 {SOFTIRQ-ON-W} state was registered at: lock_acquire+0x240/0x728 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5759 __raw_spin_lock include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:133 [inline] _raw_spin_lock+0x48/0x60 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:154 spin_lock include/linux/spinlock.h:351 [inline] ppp_channel_bridge_input drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2272 [inline] ppp_input+0x16c/0x854 drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2304 pppoe_rcv_core+0xfc/0x314 drivers/net/ppp/pppoe.c:379 sk_backlog_rcv include/net/sock.h:1111 [inline] __release_sock+0x1a8/0x3d8 net/core/sock.c:3004 release_sock+0x68/0x1b8 net/core/sock.c:3558 pppoe_sendmsg+0xc8/0x5d8 drivers/net/ppp/pppoe.c:903 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:730 [inline] __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:745 [inline] __sys_sendto+0x374/0x4f4 net/socket.c:2204 __do_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2216 [inline] __se_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2212 [inline] __arm64_sys_sendto+0xd8/0xf8 net/socket.c:2212 __invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:35 [inline] invoke_syscall+0x98/0x2b8 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:49 el0_svc_common+0x130/0x23c arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:132 do_el0_svc+0x48/0x58 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:151 el0_svc+0x54/0x168 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:712 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x84/0xfc arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:730 el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x194 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:598 irq event stamp: 282914 hardirqs last enabled at (282914): [<ffff80008b42e30c>] __raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:151 [inline] hardirqs last enabled at (282914): [<ffff80008b42e30c>] _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x38/0x98 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:194 hardirqs last disabled at (282913): [<ffff80008b42e13c>] __raw_spin_lock_irqsave include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:108 [inline] hardirqs last disabled at (282913): [<ffff80008b42e13c>] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x2c/0x7c kernel/locking/spinlock.c:162 softirqs last enabled at (282904): [<ffff8000801f8e88>] softirq_handle_end kernel/softirq.c:400 [inline] softirqs last enabled at (282904): [<ffff8000801f8e88>] handle_softirqs+0xa3c/0xbfc kernel/softirq.c:582 softirqs last disabled at (282909): [<ffff8000801fbdf8>] run_ksoftirqd+0x70/0x158 kernel/softirq.c:928 other info that might help us debug this: Possible unsafe locking scenario: CPU0 ---- lock(&pch->downl); <Interrupt> lock(&pch->downl); *** DEADLOCK *** 1 lock held by ksoftirqd/1/24: #0: ffff80008f74dfa0 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:2}, at: rcu_lock_acquire+0x10/0x4c include/linux/rcupdate.h:325 stack backtrace: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 24 Comm: ksoftirqd/1 Not tainted 6.11.0-rc7-syzkaller-g5f5673607153 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 08/06/2024 Call trace: dump_backtrace+0x1b8/0x1e4 arch/arm64/kernel/stacktrace.c:319 show_stack+0x2c/0x3c arch/arm64/kernel/stacktrace.c:326 __dump_sta ---truncated---
Affected packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Introduced | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:11 | linux-6.1 | 0 | 6.1.119-1~deb11u1 |
| Debian:12 | linux | 0 | No fix |
| Debian:13 | linux | 0 | No fix |
| Debian:13 | linux | 0 | 6.11.4-1 |
| Linux | Kernel | 5.11.0 | 5.15.168 |
| Mageia:9 | kernel | 0 | 6.6.58-2.mga9 |
| Mageia:9 | kernel-firmware | 0 | 20240909-1.mga9 |
| Mageia:9 | kernel-firmware-nonfree | 0 | 20240909-1.mga9.nonfree |
| Mageia:9 | kernel-linus | 0 | 6.6.58-2.mga9 |
| Mageia:9 | kmod-virtualbox | 0 | 7.0.20-57.mga9 |
| Mageia:9 | kmod-xtables-addons | 0 | 3.24-65.mga9 |
| Mageia:9 | radeon-firmware | 0 | 20240909-1.mga9.nonfree |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP5 | kernel-default | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-default | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5-RT_Update_22 | 0 | 1-150500.11.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_21 | 0 | 1-150500.11.5.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_5 | 0 | 1-150600.1.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_6 | 0 | 1-150600.13.3.5 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | kernel-default | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | kernel-default-base | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1.150500.6.39.4 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | kernel-rt | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.13.76.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | kernel-source-rt | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.13.76.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 | kernel-64kb | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 | kernel-default | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1.150500.6.39.4 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 | kernel-source | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 | kernel-zfcpdump | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-64kb | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-default-base | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1.150600.12.12.6 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-source | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-zfcpdump | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 | kernel-coco | 0 | 6.4.0-15061.9.coco15sp6.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 | kernel-coco_debug | 0 | 6.4.0-15061.9.coco15sp6.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 | kernel-source-coco | 0 | 6.4.0-15061.9.coco15sp6.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 | kernel-syms-coco | 0 | 6.4.0-15061.9.coco15sp6.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP5 | kernel-docs | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP5 | kernel-obs-build | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP5 | kernel-source | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP5 | kernel-syms | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | kernel-docs | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | kernel-obs-build | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | kernel-source | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | kernel-syms | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Legacy 15 SP5 | kernel-default | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.55.88.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Legacy 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP5 | kernel-azure | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.33.72.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP5 | kernel-source-azure | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.33.72.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP5 | kernel-syms-azure | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.33.72.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP6 | kernel-azure | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.8.17.2 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP6 | kernel-source-azure | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.8.17.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP6 | kernel-syms-azure | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.8.17.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP5 | kernel-rt | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.13.76.1 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP5 | kernel-rt_debug | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.13.76.1 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP5 | kernel-source-rt | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.13.76.1 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP5 | kernel-syms-rt | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.13.76.1 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-rt | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.17.1 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-rt_debug | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.17.1 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-source-rt | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.17.1 |
| SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-syms-rt | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.17.1 |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-aws-5.15 | 0 | 5.15.0-1073.79~20.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-azure-5.15 | 0 | 5.15.0-1078.87~20.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-gcp-5.15 | 0 | 5.15.0-1072.80~20.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-hwe-5.15 | 0 | 5.15.0-127.137~20.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-ibm-5.15 | 0 | 5.15.0-1066.69~20.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-intel-iotg-5.15 | 0 | 5.15.0-1071.77~20.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 | 0 | 5.15.0-127.137~20.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:20.04:LTS | linux-oracle-5.15 | 0 | 5.15.0-1071.77~20.04.1 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux | 0 | 5.15.0-127.137 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-aws | 0 | 5.15.0-1073.79 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-azure | 0 | 5.15.0-1078.87 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gcp | 0 | 5.15.0-1072.80 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gke | 0 | 5.15.0-1070.76 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-gkeop | 0 | 5.15.0-1056.63 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-ibm | 0 | 5.15.0-1066.69 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-intel-iotg | 0 | 5.15.0-1071.77 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-kvm | 0 | 5.15.0-1070.75 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-lowlatency | 0 | 5.15.0-127.137 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-nvidia | 0 | 5.15.0-1068.69 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-oracle | 0 | 5.15.0-1071.77 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-raspi | 0 | 5.15.0-1066.69 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | linux-xilinx-zynqmp | 0 | 5.15.0-1039.43 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux | 0 | 6.11.0-18.18 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-aws | 0 | 6.11.0-1009.10 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-azure | 0 | 6.11.0-1009.9 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-gcp | 0 | 6.11.0-1009.9 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-lowlatency | 0 | 6.11.0-1010.11 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-oracle | 0 | 6.11.0-1011.12 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-raspi | 0 | 6.11.0-1008.8 |
| Ubuntu:24.10 | linux-realtime | 0 | 6.11.0-1005.5 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-azure | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.33.72.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-rt | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.13.76.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-rt_debug | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.13.76.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-source-azure | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.33.72.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-source-rt | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.13.76.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-syms-azure | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.33.72.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | kernel-syms-rt | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.13.76.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | dtb-aarch64 | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-64kb | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-azure | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.8.17.2 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-debug | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-default | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-default-base | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1.150600.12.12.6 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-docs | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-kvmsmall | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-obs-build | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-obs-qa | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-rt | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.17.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-rt_debug | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.17.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-source | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-source-azure | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.8.17.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-source-rt | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.17.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-syms | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-syms-azure | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.8.17.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-syms-rt | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.10.17.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-zfcpdump | 0 | 6.4.0-150600.23.30.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap Micro 5.5 | kernel-rt | 0 | 5.14.21-150500.13.76.1 |
| openSUSE:Tumbleweed | kernel-source | 0 | 6.11.8-1.1 |
| openSUSE:Tumbleweed | kernel-source-longterm | 0 | 6.12.11-1.1 |
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