CVE-2024-10979
NoneCVSS
—
EPSS
4.4%
Published
Nov 14, 2024
CISA due date
—
Cloudanix analysis
A regular database user could change important system settings and make the server run harmful programs without needing special operating-system access.
- Exploitation
- Remote Authenticated
- Attacker needs
- Low Privilege
- Complexity
- Moderate
- Impact
- Remote Code Execution
- Component
- Application
- Class
- Command Injection
- Remediation
- Upgrade
- Effort
- Medium
- Patch risk
- Low
What it actually does
Incorrect control of environment variables in PostgreSQL PL/Perl allows an unprivileged database user to change sensitive process environment variables (e.g. PATH). That often suffices to enable arbitrary code execution, even if the attacker lacks a database server operating system user.
Why it matters to the business
Attackers with only database access could execute arbitrary code on the server, risking data exposure or full system compromise. Prevalence across PostgreSQL deployments increases potential blast radius; no active ransomware or KEV usage observed but upgrade windows should be treated as priority.
How an attack unfolds
An attacker obtains an unprivileged database account, defines or invokes a PL/Perl function that overwrites variables such as PATH, and then causes the server to execute an external command or script whose resolution now points to attacker-controlled binaries.
How to fix it
Upgrade PostgreSQL to 17.1, 16.5, 15.9, 14.14, 13.17, or 12.21 (or newer). The fix is present in commit 20a82026828536331ebe912b86f060078a173633. Where immediate patching is not feasible, disable PL/Perl or restrict its use to trusted roles only.
How to confirm the fix worked
Confirm running PostgreSQL version matches or exceeds a listed fixed release. Attempt to set environment variables from within a PL/Perl function as an unprivileged user and verify the attempt is rejected or has no effect.
Typical attack path
- Obtain unprivileged database user credentials
- Create or call a PL/Perl stored procedure that modifies environment variables
- Trigger a command execution path that resolves through the altered variable (commonly PATH)
- Execute arbitrary operating-system code without OS-level credentials
How to detect it
Review PostgreSQL logs for creation or execution of PL/Perl functions containing calls that alter environment variables; correlate with unexpected child processes spawned by the postgres user that reference non-standard binary paths.
What your security team should do
- Apply the listed PostgreSQL patches across all instances without delay
- Audit and minimize use of PL/Perl language handlers
- Harden database roles so only trusted users can create functions in untrusted languages
- Include PostgreSQL version checks in routine vulnerability scanning
The record
Incorrect control of environment variables in PostgreSQL PL/Perl allows an unprivileged database user to change sensitive process environment variables (e.g. PATH). That often suffices to enable arbitrary code execution, even if the attacker lacks a database server operating system user. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.1, 16.5, 15.9, 14.14, 13.17, and 12.21 are affected.
Affected packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Introduced | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| AlmaLinux:8 | pg_repack | 0 | 1.4.6-3.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec94 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | pg_repack | 0 | 1.4.6-3.module_el8.9.0+3704+f1f917ce |
| AlmaLinux:8 | pg_repack | 0 | 1.4.8-1.module_el8.10.0+3798+606ebb9f |
| AlmaLinux:8 | pg_repack | 0 | 1.4.8-1.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e |
| AlmaLinux:8 | pg_repack | 0 | 1.5.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | pgaudit | 0 | 1.4.0-7.module_el8.10.0+3889+48cb11fb.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | pgaudit | 0 | 1.4.0-7.module_el8.9.0+3740+0e74851f.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | pgaudit | 0 | 1.7.0-1.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e |
| AlmaLinux:8 | pgaudit | 0 | 16.0-1.module_el8.10.0+3798+606ebb9f |
| AlmaLinux:8 | pgaudit | 0 | 1.5.0-1.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec94 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | pgaudit | 0 | 1.5.0-1.module_el8.6.0+3095+ee60d910 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgres-decoderbufs | 0 | 0.10.0-2.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec94 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgres-decoderbufs | 0 | 0.10.0-2.module_el8.6.0+3095+ee60d910 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgres-decoderbufs | 0 | 0.10.0-2.module_el8.9.0+3704+f1f917ce |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgres-decoderbufs | 0 | 1.9.7-1.Final.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgres-decoderbufs | 0 | 2.4.0-1.Final.module_el8.10.0+3798+606ebb9f |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-contrib | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-contrib | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-contrib | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-contrib | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-docs | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-docs | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-docs | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-docs | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-plperl | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-plperl | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-plperl | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-plperl | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-plpython3 | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-plpython3 | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-plpython3 | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-plpython3 | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-pltcl | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-pltcl | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-pltcl | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-pltcl | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-private-devel | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-private-devel | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-private-libs | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-private-libs | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-server | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-server | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-server | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-server | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-server-devel | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-server-devel | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-server-devel | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-server-devel | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-static | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-static | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-static | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-static | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-test | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-test | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-test | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-test | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-test-rpm-macros | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-test-rpm-macros | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-test-rpm-macros | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-test-rpm-macros | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-upgrade | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-upgrade | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-upgrade | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-upgrade | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-upgrade-devel | 0 | 12.22-1.module_el8.10.0+3927+7f0fab70 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-upgrade-devel | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el8.10.0+3929+38258aa5 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-upgrade-devel | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | postgresql-upgrade-devel | 0 | 13.18-1.module_el8.10.0+3928+8233d274 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | pg_repack | 0 | 1.4.8-2.module_el9.5.0+120+4533eb20 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | pg_repack | 0 | 1.5.1-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | pg_repack | 0 | 1.5.1-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | pgaudit | 0 | 1.7.0-1.module_el9.3.0+52+21733919 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | pgaudit | 0 | 16.0-1.module_el9.4.0+66+eb9878bc |
| AlmaLinux:9 | pgvector | 0 | 0.6.2-1.module_el9.5.0+120+4533eb20 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgres-decoderbufs | 0 | 1.9.7-1.Final.module_el9.3.0+52+21733919 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgres-decoderbufs | 0 | 2.4.0-1.Final.module_el9.4.0+66+eb9878bc |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-contrib | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-contrib | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-contrib | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-contrib | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-docs | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-docs | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-docs | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-docs | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-plperl | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-plperl | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-plperl | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-plpython3 | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-plpython3 | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-plpython3 | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-plpython3 | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-pltcl | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-pltcl | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-pltcl | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-private-devel | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-private-devel | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-private-devel | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-private-devel | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-private-libs | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-private-libs | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-private-libs | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-private-libs | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-server | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-server | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-server | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-server | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-server-devel | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-server-devel | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-server-devel | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-server-devel | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-static | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-static | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-static | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-static | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-test | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-test | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-test | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-test | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-test-rpm-macros | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-test-rpm-macros | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-test-rpm-macros | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-upgrade | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-upgrade | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-upgrade | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-upgrade | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-upgrade-devel | 0 | 15.10-1.module_el9.5.0+126+03d48c9f |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-upgrade-devel | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+127+50ff03a9 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-upgrade-devel | 0 | 16.6-1.module_el9.5.0+128+1095dce2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | postgresql-upgrade-devel | 0 | 13.18-1.el9_5 |
| Alpine:v3.17 | postgresql14 | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.17 | postgresql15 | 0 | 15.9-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.18 | postgresql14 | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.18 | postgresql15 | 0 | 15.9-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.19 | postgresql15 | 0 | 15.9-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.19 | postgresql16 | 0 | 16.5-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.20 | postgresql15 | 0 | 15.9-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.20 | postgresql16 | 0 | 16.5-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.21 | postgresql16 | 0 | 16.5-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.21 | postgresql17 | 0 | 17.1-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.22 | postgresql16 | 0 | 16.5-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.22 | postgresql17 | 0 | 17.1-r0 |
| Bitnami | postgresql | 0 | 13.17.0 |
| Bitnami | postgresql | 17.0.0 | 17.1.0 |
| Chainguard | ecpg-13 | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | ecpg-14 | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Chainguard | ecpg-15 | 0 | 15.9-r0 |
| Chainguard | ecpg-16 | 0 | 16.5-r0 |
| Chainguard | ecpg-17 | 0 | 17.1-r0 |
| Chainguard | libecpg-12 | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | libecpg-13 | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | libecpg-13-dev | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | libecpg-14 | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Chainguard | libecpg-14-dev | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Chainguard | libecpg-15 | 0 | 15.9-r0 |
| Chainguard | libecpg-15-dev | 0 | 15.9-r0 |
| Chainguard | libecpg-16 | 0 | 16.5-r0 |
| Chainguard | libecpg-16-dev | 0 | 16.5-r0 |
| Chainguard | libecpg-17 | 0 | 17.1-r0 |
| Chainguard | libecpg-17-dev | 0 | 17.1-r0 |
| Chainguard | libpq-12 | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | libpq-13 | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | libpq-14 | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Chainguard | libpq-15 | 0 | 15.9-r0 |
| Chainguard | libpq-16 | 0 | 16.5-r0 |
| Chainguard | libpq-17 | 0 | 17.1-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-12 | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-12-base | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-12-bitnami-compat | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-12-client | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-12-client-base | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-12-contrib | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-12-dev | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-12-oci-entrypoint | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-12-oci-entrypoint-base | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-12-pgadmin-compat | 0 | 12.21-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-13 | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-13-base | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-13-bitnami-compat | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-13-client | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-13-client-base | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-13-contrib | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-13-dev | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-13-oci-entrypoint | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-13-oci-entrypoint-base | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-13-pgadmin-compat | 0 | 13.17-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-14 | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-14-base | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-14-bitnami-compat | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-14-client | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-14-client-base | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-14-contrib | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
| Chainguard | postgresql-14-dev | 0 | 14.14-r0 |
Related vulnerabilities
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- CVE-2017-15098 Invalid json_populate_recordset or jsonb_populate_recordset function calls in PostgreSQL… Also affects postgresql14
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