CVE-2022-28693

What it actually does

Unprotected alternative channel in return branch target prediction allows an authorized local user to leak sensitive information from affected Intel processors via side-channel observation.

Why it matters to the business

Low-probability risk of confidential data exposure on systems running vulnerable Intel processors when an attacker already has local access; limited operational disruption expected given low exploit maturity and EPSS.

How an attack unfolds

An attacker with local user privileges executes code that manipulates return branch target prediction through an unprotected channel to observe side effects and disclose information from other contexts on the same processor.

How to fix it

Apply the latest Intel microcode updates through operating system vendor packages; enable any available OS-level branch prediction mitigations and keep the system fully patched.

How to confirm the fix worked

Inspect CPU microcode revision via tools such as cpuid or dmesg, confirm OS security updates are installed, and verify that processor errata related to branch target prediction are addressed in release notes.

Typical attack path

1. Obtain local access to a system with an affected Intel processor
2. Run unprivileged code that trains and probes the branch prediction unit
3. Measure timing or other side-channel artifacts to extract sensitive data

How to detect it

Examine system logs for unusual local process activity, performance counter usage, or microcode loading events around the time of suspected access; correlate with authentication and process execution records.

What your security team should do

• Prioritize deployment of current Intel microcode across all affected hardware
• Review and enforce least-privilege access controls to limit local attack surface
• Monitor EPSS and threat intelligence feeds for any future rise in exploit activity