CVE-2016-5388
High · 8.1CVSS
8.1
EPSS
50.9%
Published
Jul 19, 2016
CISA due date
—
Cloudanix analysis
A configuration in some web servers can let attackers secretly redirect parts of an application's network traffic by sending a specially crafted request.
- Exploitation
- Remote Unauthenticated
- Attacker needs
- None
- Complexity
- Moderate
- Impact
- Data Exposure
- Component
- Web Framework
- Class
- Improper Input Validation
- Remediation
- Config Change
- Effort
- Low
- Patch risk
- Low
What it actually does
When CGI Servlet is enabled, Tomcat follows RFC 3875 and populates the HTTP_PROXY environment variable from an untrusted Proxy request header, allowing outbound HTTP requests from CGI applications to be redirected to an arbitrary proxy.
Why it matters to the business
Applications using CGI may have their outbound HTTP traffic intercepted or redirected, exposing sensitive data in transit and enabling man-in-the-middle attacks across many enterprise Linux and Tomcat deployments.
How an attack unfolds
An attacker sends an HTTP request containing a crafted Proxy header; Tomcat sets the HTTP_PROXY environment variable for the CGI process; any outbound HTTP calls made by the CGI script are then routed through the attacker-controlled proxy, allowing traffic inspection or modification.
How to fix it
Disable the CGI Servlet when not required; clear or ignore the Proxy header in application code or web server configuration; monitor for future Tomcat releases that implement the planned mitigation.
How to confirm the fix worked
Review server.xml and web.xml for CGI servlet mappings; test by sending requests with a Proxy header and observing environment variables or outbound connection behavior in CGI scripts.
Typical attack path
- Identify a Tomcat instance with CGI Servlet enabled
- Craft an HTTP request containing a malicious Proxy header pointing to attacker proxy
- Trigger CGI execution that performs outbound HTTP requests
- Intercept or alter the redirected traffic at the attacker proxy
How to detect it
Search web access logs for requests containing a Proxy header; monitor CGI process environment variables or outbound connection logs for unexpected proxy settings.
What your security team should do
- Audit all Tomcat installations for enabled CGI Servlet and disable where possible
- Implement header filtering to strip Proxy headers at the load balancer or reverse proxy layer
- Prioritize patching or mitigation on internet-facing systems given the high CVSS and persistent EPSS score
The record
Apache Tomcat 7.x through 7.0.70 and 8.x through 8.5.4, when the CGI Servlet is enabled, follows RFC 3875 section 4.1.18 and therefore does not protect applications from the presence of untrusted client data in the HTTP_PROXY environment variable, which might allow remote attackers to redirect an application's outbound HTTP traffic to an arbitrary proxy server via a crafted Proxy header in an HTTP request, aka an "httpoxy" issue. NOTE: the vendor states "A mitigation is planned for future releases of Tomcat, tracked as CVE-2016-5388"; in other words, this is not a CVE ID for a vulnerability.
Affected packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Introduced | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maven | org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina | 7.0.0 | 7.0.72 |
| Maven | org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina | 8.0.0 | 8.5.5 |
| Debian:8 | tomcat8 | 0 | 8.0.14-1+deb8u15 |
| Mageia:5 | tomcat | 0 | 7.0.68-1.3.mga5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | tomcat6 | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | tomcat6-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | tomcat6-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | tomcat6-el-2.1-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | tomcat6-javadoc | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | tomcat6-jsp-2.1-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | tomcat6-lib | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | tomcat6-servlet-2.5-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | tomcat6-webapps | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::computenode | tomcat6 | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::computenode | tomcat6-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::computenode | tomcat6-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::computenode | tomcat6-el-2.1-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::computenode | tomcat6-javadoc | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::computenode | tomcat6-jsp-2.1-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::computenode | tomcat6-lib | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::computenode | tomcat6-servlet-2.5-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::computenode | tomcat6-webapps | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::server | tomcat6 | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::server | tomcat6-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::server | tomcat6-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::server | tomcat6-el-2.1-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::server | tomcat6-javadoc | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::server | tomcat6-jsp-2.1-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::server | tomcat6-lib | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::server | tomcat6-servlet-2.5-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::server | tomcat6-webapps | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::workstation | tomcat6 | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::workstation | tomcat6-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::workstation | tomcat6-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::workstation | tomcat6-el-2.1-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::workstation | tomcat6-javadoc | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::workstation | tomcat6-jsp-2.1-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::workstation | tomcat6-lib | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::workstation | tomcat6-servlet-2.5-api | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::workstation | tomcat6-webapps | 0 | 0:6.0.24-98.el6_8 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | tomcat | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | tomcat-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | tomcat-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | tomcat-el-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | tomcat-javadoc | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | tomcat-jsp-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | tomcat-jsvc | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | tomcat-lib | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | tomcat-servlet-3.0-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | tomcat-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode | tomcat | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode | tomcat-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode | tomcat-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode | tomcat-el-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode | tomcat-javadoc | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode | tomcat-jsp-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode | tomcat-jsvc | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode | tomcat-lib | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode | tomcat-servlet-3.0-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::computenode | tomcat-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | tomcat | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | tomcat-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | tomcat-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | tomcat-el-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | tomcat-javadoc | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | tomcat-jsp-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | tomcat-jsvc | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | tomcat-lib | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | tomcat-servlet-3.0-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::server | tomcat-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation | tomcat | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation | tomcat-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation | tomcat-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation | tomcat-el-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation | tomcat-javadoc | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation | tomcat-jsp-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation | tomcat-jsvc | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation | tomcat-lib | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation | tomcat-servlet-3.0-api | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::workstation | tomcat-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.54-8.el7_2 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | httpd24 | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | httpd24-debuginfo | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | httpd24-devel | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | httpd24-manual | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | httpd24-tools | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | mod_ldap24 | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | mod_proxy24_html | 0 | 1:2.4.6-62.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | mod_session24 | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | mod_ssl24 | 0 | 1:2.4.6-62.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat7 | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat7-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat7-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat7-el-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat7-javadoc | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat7-jsp-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat7-lib | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat7-log4j | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat7-servlet-3.0-api | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat7-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat8 | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat8-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat8-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat8-el-2.2-api | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat8-javadoc | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat8-jsp-2.3-api | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat8-lib | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat8-log4j | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat8-servlet-3.1-api | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el6 | tomcat8-webapps | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el6 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | httpd24 | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | httpd24-debuginfo | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | httpd24-devel | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | httpd24-manual | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | httpd24-tools | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | mod_ldap24 | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | mod_proxy24_html | 0 | 1:2.4.6-62.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | mod_session24 | 0 | 0:2.4.6-62.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | mod_ssl24 | 0 | 1:2.4.6-62.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat7 | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat7-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat7-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat7-el-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat7-javadoc | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat7-jsp-2.2-api | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat7-lib | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat7-log4j | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat7-servlet-3.0-api | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat7-webapps | 0 | 0:7.0.59-51_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat8 | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat8-admin-webapps | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat8-docs-webapp | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat8-el-2.2-api | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat8-javadoc | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat8-jsp-2.3-api | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat8-lib | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat8-log4j | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat8-servlet-3.1-api | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:3.0::el7 | tomcat8-webapps | 0 | 0:8.0.18-62_patch_01.ep7.el7 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Point of Sale 11 SP3 | tomcat6 | 0 | 6.0.53-0.56.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP3-LTSS | tomcat6 | 0 | 6.0.53-0.56.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP3-TERADATA | tomcat6 | 0 | 6.0.53-0.56.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | tomcat6 | 0 | 6.0.45-0.53.2 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | tomcat6 | 0 | 6.0.53-0.56.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP1 | tomcat | 0 | 8.0.32-8.7 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12-LTSS | tomcat | 0 | 7.0.78-7.13.4 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 11 SP4 | tomcat6 | 0 | 6.0.45-0.53.2 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 11 SP4 | tomcat6 | 0 | 6.0.53-0.56.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 | tomcat | 0 | 7.0.78-7.13.4 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP1 | tomcat | 0 | 8.0.32-8.7 |
| Ubuntu:14.04:LTS | tomcat7 | 0 | 7.0.52-1ubuntu0.8 |
| Ubuntu:16.04:LTS | tomcat6 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:16.04:LTS | tomcat8 | 0 | 8.0.32-1ubuntu1.3 |
| Ubuntu:Pro:14.04:LTS | tomcat6 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS | tomcat6 | 0 | No fix |
| Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS | tomcat7 | 0 | 7.0.68-1ubuntu0.4+esm1 |
| Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS | tomcat7 | 0 | No fix |
| maven | org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-catalina | 7.0.0 | 7.0.72 |
| maven | org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-catalina | 8.0.0 | 8.5.5 |
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